Which of the following is a cultural control method?

Cultural control methods involve practices that improve crop health and resilience, thereby reducing the likelihood of pest infestations and diseases. Each of the practices listed contributes to a healthier growing environment and can be used strategically to manage pests.

Fertilization enhances soil fertility and plant vigor, making plants more resistant to stress and less susceptible to pests. By providing the necessary nutrients, well-fertilized plants can better withstand pest pressures.

Planting time refers to the timing of when crops are sown, which can significantly influence pest populations. For example, planting earlier or later than the typical season can avoid peak pest populations or the conditions that favor their development.

Pruning is a cultural practice that involves the removal of specific plant parts to improve air circulation, light penetration, and overall plant health. This practice can reduce the incidence of disease and create a less favorable environment for pests.

Given that all these practices—fertilization, planting time, and pruning—contribute to cultural control by promoting healthier plants and reducing the risks associated with pest problems, it is appropriate to categorize them together under cultural control methods. Thus, identifying all of the practices as cultural control methods is accurate and reflects a comprehensive understanding of pest management strategies.