Which condition can help reduce pesticide volatilization?

Incorporation of pesticides into the soil is a highly effective practice for reducing volatilization. When pesticides are incorporated, they are physically mixed into the soil, decreasing their exposure to air and thus minimizing the chances of evaporating into the atmosphere. This practice can significantly limit the amount of pesticide that volatilizes, as it is less likely to be exposed to heat and wind that can promote evaporation.

On the other hand, while irrigation can help with distribution and may reduce surface tension and runoff, it does not address the issue of vapors escaping into the atmosphere. Application in the evening can help reduce temperature and may lower volatilization to some degree, but it is not as effective as ensuring the pesticides are incorporated into the soil. Surface spraying exposes the pesticide to the air directly, making it more susceptible to volatilization. Thus, incorporation is the best approach for minimizing this risk.